The project tackles one of the most pressing challenges of our time: persistent air pollution in cities and their surrounding areas, exacerbated by climate change and interactions with agricultural activities – often poorly managed – carried out on the margins of urban areas. Taking a holistic and cross-border approach, BREATHING aims to develop tools and strategies to improve air quality and protect the health of citizens in urban areas bordering hilly and mountainous regions. This is particularly relevant where agriculture is carried out using intensive methods – especially in relation to crop treatments – which require strategies to mitigate their impacts.