Course Topics
The "Hybrid and electric mobility" course consists in two modules, 3 ECTS each. The "Electric powertrains and batteries" module is intended to give the students an overview of the current and promising solutions for electric and hybrid vehicles, comprising aspects related to electro-mechanical power conversion, power converters and batteries. The course will cover the following topics: - Typical motors and drives used in electric cars, their requirements and figures of merit - Basics of electric power converters used in electric cars The module "Internal combustion engines for hybrid powertrains" focuses on the use of internal combustion engines in the hybrid and electric powertrains and their coupling to supply the required torque and power. The contents of the course will be useful for all the professional tasks, in the industry or in the public administration, related to the automotive sector. Typical jobs can be related to the design and performance assessment of novel powertrains, the development of the charging infrastructure and the electrochemical storage systems. These competences are necessary in the utilities’ companies and in the industries designing components and solutions for powertrains.

Propaedeutic courses
“Power Production, CHP and District Heating Systems”, “Electric Power Conversion Equipment”.

Teaching format
The Course topics will be presented by the professors using electronic slides, blackboard. There are also classes (exercises) that will show practical applications of the theoretical topics in which calculus sheets and coding (Matlab/Python) will be used. Course topics will be presented using electronic slides. Teaching material and additional materials will be provided by the Professor during the semester in shared folders.

Educational objectives
The course of Electric and Hybrid Mobility is an elective course in the Energy Engineering degree. The course aims to introduce students to the novel technologies used for powertrains in the automotive sector for light/heavy duty vehicles that are moving towards electrification, in order to meet the stringent requirements in terms of emissions and performance. The course consists of two modules: the first one is specifically focused on electric motors for the automotive industry, battery storage systems and related power converters; the second one is mainly focused on the use of internal combustion engines in the powertrains and their coupling with electric drives in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Module A: Internal combustion engines for hybrid powertrains This module focuses on the use of internal combustion engines in the hybrid and electric powertrains and their coupling to supply the required torque and power. Specific educational objectives: - Understand the characteristics and the advantages of electric and hybrid powertrains vs. their conventional counterparts (ILO1) - Define modern and promising future solutions for the internal combustion engines used in hydrid vehicles or as range extenders (ILO2) - Applying knowledge to define the constraints in the sizing of electric motor(s), battery and combustion engine for hybrid and electric vehicles (ILO3) - Making judgements to define the most appropriate management solutions of the powertrain depending on the application (ILO4) - Describe with the correct terminology and with the correct parameters the performance of hybrid and electric vehicles (ILO5) - Learning skills to update the competences following the technical development of powertrains and storage systems (ILO6) Module B: Electric power trains and batteries Specific educational objectives: - Understand the characteristics and the advantages of electric and hybrid powertrains vs. their conventional counterparts (ILO1) - Define modern and promising future solutions for the internal combustion engines used in hybrid vehicles or as range extenders (ILO2) - Understand the advantages and disadvantages of different solutions for hybrid and electric powertrains (ILO3) - Understand the constraints in the sizing of electric motor(s), battery and combustion engine for hybrid and electric vehicles (ILO4) - Describe the principles of battery storage operation and the key performance parameters (ILO5) - Define the management criteria and control methods for hybrid powertrains (ILO6) Learning outcomes: Knowledge and understanding: The course allows the students to acquire advanced knowledge on the main solutions for the powertrains in the transport sector with specific focus on hybrid and electric cars. The topics presented will provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the architectures, of the design approaches and of the modelling of modern powertrains and battery systems used in the automotive sector. Applying knowledge and understanding: The student will be able to apply the acquired knowledge during exercises, where the studied models will be used to assess specific practical problems. Students will also apply the theoretical contents by using calculation codes and numerical models of the studied powertrains, storage systems and battery management systems. Making judgments: The student should acquire the ability to evaluate and compare different powertrain solutions, considering the overall architecture, the main components ad their management. The student should also be able to discuss and correlate the numerical results with the physical problem. Communication skills: The student should acquire the proper technical language and should be able to present design choices, and numerical results with a critical approach. Learning skills: The student should acquire lifelong learning skills through the possession of the tools to update knowledge on the powertrains in the automotive sector and the battery systems. Moreover, the student should be able to get the required data and information from databases, technical and scientific papers.

Assessment
The final exam consists in a written exam (in combination with the other module of the course) on the topics of the course. The exam consists in 2 open questions per each course module on the theoretical concepts; in addition, it is asked to propose a possible powertrain architecture for a given application, indicating the main sizing of the powertrain and the control logic. Assessment language: English Summative assessment ILOs assessed Theory questions: 2x2 open-end questions. ILO assessed (1, 2, 6) Application: propose a design strategy of a powertrain and its management strategy, based on the final application (passenger vehicle, heavy-duty powertrain, etc.). ILO assessed (3,4,5) Total duration: 1,5 hours.

Evaluation criteria
The student must demonstrate to have acquired the fundamental principles and the theoretical basis required in the design of modern and electrified powertrains; moreover, the student must show the ability to apply the knowledge in practical test cases. In order to get a positive final mark, the student must demonstrate understanding of all the basic knowledge presented in the course. The maximum evaluation is achieved by demonstrating in-depth knowledge. For the evaluation of the oral exam the following criteria will be taken into account: - Ability to describe the powertrain architectures and design solutions of internal combustion engines, electric drives and storage systems - Ability to model the single systems presented in the lectures and in the exercises - Ability to approach a basic design of a modern powertrain - Ability to provide examples/applications of the theoretical concepts - Proper use of the technical language.