Health data is highly sensitive and misuse can lead to discrimination and manipulation. Medical professionals face ethical tensions between confidentiality, documentation, and data use. Still, not using such data for improving care would also be unethical.

The GDPR and AI Act define legal responsibilities, including data protection, risk assessment, and non-discrimination. Socially, systems must protect vulnerable groups, as broad data use can both empower and stigmatize.

Politically, Europe's balance between innovation and data protection is under pressure from digitalization gaps and external influence. Clear, accountable governance is essential.