Course Topics
The course will cover the following topics: 1. Hydrological cycle and water budget; 2. Watershed and hydrographic network; 3. Precipitation: measurement, spatial analysis, and extreme values analysis; 4. Water in the soil water (infiltration, saturated and unsaturated conditions); 5. Surface runoff: types and characteristics, Horton and Dunne mechanism; 6. Rainfall-runoff models (Rational Method and SCS Method); 7. Hydrographs and duration curves; 8. Principles of hydrostatics (Pascal's and Stevin's Laws) and their application; 9. Fundamental equations of hydrodynamics (continuity, energy conservation, momentum conservation) and their application to orifices, weirs, and head losses; 10. Uniform flow in open channels (Manning’s equation, shear stress, structural stability); 11. Uniform flow in pipes (Darcy-Weisbach equation, Moody diagram, localized head losses); 12. Land reclamation and channel design; 13. Design of pressurized irrigation systems; 14. Frost protection irrigation; 15. Erosion and sediment transport in watersheds and streams; 16. Forest Watershed protection and management.

Propaedeutic courses
no

Teaching format
In this course, theoretical concepts are presented in class by the professor, while practical activities (laboratory sessions and field trips) are led by the professor in collaboration with the teaching assistant (TA). Students are expected to work independently in the laboratory—under the supervision of the professor and the TA—and at home, to solve exercises and prepare a report based on the lab sessions and field trip. The PowerPoint presentations used in class will be made available on the course's Microsoft TEAMS platform, along with links to external resources and exercises.

Educational objectives
Knowledge and understanding (1) of water dynamics in rural environments related to flood protection as well as agricultural production, (2) of the different technical solutions that can be used for the measurement, control, planning and management of torrent control works and irrigation system. Applying knowledge and understanding through the development of some skills concerning: (1) the analysis of water budget and flood discharge in small catchments, the design of stable channels (for drainage or irrigation) and irrigation systems, (2) the ability to obtain information from classwork-exercises on how integrating together the theoretical elements provided during the lessons. Making judgements concerning: (1) the choice of the most appropriate parameters for the hydrological analysis presented in a written report and in the written exercises. Communication skills to present the learned concepts (topics and issues related to agricultural and forest hydrology, hydraulic, irrigation systems and torrent control works) with a personal vocabulary that is precise, appropriate and adequate to the subject. Learning skills of increasing the personal knowledge acquired during the course by reading technical documents and scientific articles and/or attending specific courses.

Assessment
The student assessment will be based on: • An individual report on field and laboratory activities (20%); • An oral exam covering the entire program and including two exercises (80%).

Evaluation criteria
The final grade for the course will be assigned as follows: Individual report on laboratory activities and field trip (20%), Oral exam covering the entire program and including two exercises (80%) Grading criteria: • Accuracy of answers (general requirement) • For open-ended questions, the following aspects will also be evaluated: clarity of responses, command of technical language, ability to summarize and establish reletionshipsbetween different topics, and relevance of the content to the question.

Required readings

Lecture notes/slides

Supplementary readings

• Ferro V., Elementi di idraulica e idrologia per le scienze agrarie, ambientali e forestali, Mc-Graw Hill, 2013;
• Ferro V., Opere di sistemazione idraulico-forestale (indirizzo “Gestione dell’ambiente forestale montano”), Mc-Graw Hill, 2019;
• Capra A., Scicolone B., Progettazione e gestione degli impianti di irrigazione, (indirizzo “Produzioni sostenibili agrarie”), Edagricole, 2° ed., 2016
• Benini G., Sistemazioni idraulico-forestali, (indirizzo “Gestione dell’ambiente forestale montano”), UTET, Torino, 2000
• Dingman S.L., Physical hydrology, Waveland press, 2008
• Nalluri C., Featherston R.R., Civil Engineering Hydraulics, Blackwell Science, 2001

Further information
During the course, the open-source software QGIS will be used for the hydrological modeling of the watershed