While entrepreneurial orientation has traditionally been defined andoperationalized as a firm-level phenomenon, we extend the construct to the levelsof individual employees and teams. Building on social exchange theory, theoriesof organizational citizenship and extra-role behavior, we theorize that employeesmay reciprocate for favorable relationships with supervisors and managers byexhibiting extra-role entrepreneurial behavior. Results from two surveys (N₁= 1,104 and N₂ = 628) within a large service-sector company in TheNetherlands, revealed that extra-role entrepreneurial behavior by employees ispositively associated with workplace performance at the individual employee andteam levels.